cornell



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.v

' S. D. CORNELL.

APPARATUS PORTHE MANUFAOTUBE OP WHITE LEAD.

(No Mode.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

s. D. CORNELL.

APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFAGTURE OE' WHITE LEAD. No. 323,499. Patented Aug. 4, 1885.

@ZM/Mg' aUNITED STATES PATENT Oriana,

S. DOUGLAS CORNELL, OF BUFFALO, NEW YORK.

APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF WHITE LEAD.

SPEGEIEICATON forming part of Letters Patent No. 323,499, dated August 4t, 1885.

Application tiled Juno 18, 1885. (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, S. DOUGLAS CORNELL, a citizen ofthe United States, residing at Bufi'alo, in the county of Erie and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in the Manufacture of White Lead; and I do hereby declare the following to be ai'ull, clear, and eXact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters or figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

My invention relates particularly to that part of the process of manufacturing white lead known as the corrosiom or, in other words, the conversion of the metallic lead into carbonate of lead. Prior to my invention the stack in which the corrosion is effected has commonlybeen arranged as follows: First, a layer of about three feet in depth of a mixture of new and spent tan. In this tan is arranged a series of earthen pots, containing strong acetic acid, and in these pots, over but :not in contact with the acid, are placed cast gratings or buckles of the metallic lead. Stringers are laid upon these pots atintervals in both directions, and over these stringers is arranged atloor, upon which is again placed a layer of tan about one foot in depth, and so on as just described until a stack is built up from twenty to thirty feet in height. In this stack a double react-ion takes place in consequence ot' the heat generated by the fermenting tan. The volatilized acetic acid changes the metal into an acetate, which is converted into a carbonate by combination with the carbonicacid gas thrown ott" by the tan. The corrosion ot' the metallic buckles by this process has always been far from complete, owing to the failure of obtaining a proper circulation of the acid gases through and around the me tallic buckles as arranged Within the pots.

rlhe object ot' my invention is to further increase this circulation, and thereby effect a largely -increased corrosion of the metallic lead; and to that end it consists, substantially, in arranging a stack in which, instead of hav ing the buckles laid within the pots, I arrange a series oi suitable troughs or pots (contain ing the acetic acid alone) in such manner as l to leave open spaces between the troughs or pots and the floors, in which spaces the buckles are to be laid or piled upon the door beneath sufiiciently far apart to allow a free circulation of the acid gases around andbetween the buckles.

I will now proceed to more definitely describe the manner in which I have arranged my improved stack in accordance with my in-` vention.

In the drawings, Figure lis a top plan View of one form of my improved stack with the different layers broken away to show the entire construction. Fig. 2 is a vertical section of Fig. l. Fig. 3 is another form of my iinproved stack, and Fig. 4 shows the old arrangement of acid pots and buckles.

Referring to the drawings, a is the bottom flooring of the stack, upon which is laid the tan-bark b, or equivalent material-such as manure, &:c.-to the depth of about three feet. Upon this tanbark is laid the dooring c, for the reception of my improved arrangement of acid receptacles and metallic buckles. These acid receptacles, as shown clearly in Fig. l, consist of the narrow troughs d, the angular troughs d', and the T-shaped troughs d2, so arranged as to leave the rectangular spaces c. These troughs are filled, or partially illed, With acetic acid, and in the spaces c are laid the metallic buckles f, so arranged as to permit a free circulation ofthe acid gases through and around them. Under this improved arrangement a much more complete contact of the gases with the metallic lead is permitted than in the old arrangement where the buckles are placed Within the pots, as clearly shown in Fig. 4.

g are blocks of the same height as the troughs, which are placed at intervals alongside of the troughs, and upon these blocks are laid the stringers h, the object of the blocks being to relieve the earthen troughs of the heavy weight of the stack above.

h are cross-stringers laid upon the stri ngcrs h. This arrangement of stringers permits of a space between the upper edge of the troughs and the underside of the iiooring next above, through which the acid gases pass to permit of corroding contact with the adjacent metallic buckles f. Thin rough boards 7; are laid at intervals upon the top series of stringers, h',

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and upon these is laid the iooring l, similar to the floorings b and c beneath. Upon this flooring l is placed anotherlayer of tan, m, the narrow strips Z being placed along the joints in the iloor to prevent the tan from sifting through into the spaces e below. In this manner the stack is formed by similar successive layers, and in the center is the Ventilating shaft or chimney n, with perforations n opening into the layers of the tan and the spaces e. rIhis shaft permits of the escape of the surplus vapor and gases from the stack and enables the temperature of the stack to be ascertainedat any point in its height.

If it is desirable to utilize the old form of pots o in my improved construction, they can be arranged as shown in Fig. 3, forming substantially'the same arrangement as shown in Fig. l.

The form of stack described, with the exception of my improved arrangement of troughs or pots and buckles, is substantially old and well known.

I claim- 1. In the manufacture of white lead, a corroding-stack constructed with a series of courses, each course consisting of a number of troughs or pots to hold the acid alone, and arranged with spaces 'between them, the metallic buckles being placed within such spaces between the troughs or pots, flooring above and below the troughs or pots, and a layer of tan-bark or equivalent material, the whole suitably ventilated, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. A corroding-stack constructed with a series of courses, each course consisting of the layer of tan-bark b, the iiooring c, the acidtroughs d d d2 or pots o arranged with the .spaces e between them, the blocks g, the two sets of stringers hand h, the boards 7c, and flooring Z, al1 arranged as shown, and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two sub- F scribing witnesses.

S. DOUGLAS CORNELL. Witnesses:

SHELDON THoMPsoN, W. T. MILLER. 

